To Kill a mockingbird(I)

Slavery
a.Slavery began in the southern states in 1619. It began when 2 pirate ships were damaged in battle and decided to trade human cargo with the locals in Virginia.
b.They were brought from countries in Afica.
c.The Europeans traditionally brought and owned the slaves
d.The slaves were forced to abide by various unfair laws. It was illegal for the slaves to gather in groups of more than 4. They cannot leave their owners property without a pass. They could not own weapons. Neither were they allowed to learn how to read or write.
e.The notions of slavery were related to racism and prejudice in the novel. African Americans ,who were once slaves, were called 'niggers' and were not granted special rights.

The Civil War
a. The southern states are:South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia
, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina
b. Abraham Lincoln
c.Lincoln had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states that have slavery then. After Lincoln became president, many southern states knew that he would enforce a law prohibiting expansion of slavery. Hence, they called for succession.
d. It was fought between 1861 and 1865
e. The Union defeated the Confederate states.
f. They both attempted to give the African Americans rights. The civil war freed them from slavery, while the Civil Rights movement gave them freedom to vote and freedom from discrimination.

Jim Crow's Laws
a.Jim Crow refers to 'Jim Jump Crow', a song and dance caricature of the African Americans performed by a white dancer in 'blackface'.
b.The African Americans were segregated in various ways, including in education, public transport and even public washrooms.
c.The African Americans were very displeased with the Jim Crow laws and even started various civil rights movements after World War 2, where they felt that their services make them worthy of being full citizens of America, instead of remaining as those who were segregated and discriminated.
d.A black man was charged of raping a white woman with the presumption of guilt in To kill a mockingbird, unlike the usual presumption of innocence which was then a 'privilege' of the whites.